Foreign Word, Borrowed Word, Loanword
noun
You know the word 外来 to mean "imported." So, combine that with the kanji for language and you have an imported word, aka a borrowed word. There are a lot of these in Japanese, which makes this word important. Almost everything in katakana is a 外来語, in fact.
がいらいご
This is a jukugo word, which usually means on'yomi readings from the kanji. If you know the readings of your kanji you'll know how to read this as well.
リュックサックは、外来語ですか？
Is rucksack a foreign word?
実は、「イクラ」は、ロシアからの外来語なんです。
In fact, "ikura" is a loanword from Russia.
今の中国語では、たくさんの日本語が外来語として使われています。
In present day Chinese, many Japanese words are used as loanwords.
日本では外来語を使う事が多いです。たまに日本語と外来語が見分けられないほど、外来語は日本文化の一部になりつつあります。
In Japan, we often use foreign words. Foreign words are becoming so much a part of Japanese culture that sometimes Japanese and foreign words are difficult to tell apart.