Remainder, Remnant, Leftover, Residue
noun, の adjective
This has the same meaning as the kanji. The little り thrown on there is just a little remainder sticking off the end of the kanji. No need to pay attention to that.
のこり
Since this word consists of a kanji with hiragana attached, you can bet that it will use the kun'yomi reading. You didn't learn that reading with this kanji, so here's a mnemonic to help you: You're waiting inside. The remainder of your forces are out there, fighting. You don't know who will survive... or if they even will. You have a secret knock (のこ), though, that you use to find out if it's one of the remaining forces outside or the enemy, broken through. You hear a knock. What is it? Is it your men or theirs? Imagine it out, focusing on the knock conversation that happens between you and the remainder.
残りの水はどこに行ったの？
Where is the leftover water?
最近、残りの人生についてよく考えるんだ。
Lately, I've been thinking a lot about the rest of my life.
さあ、残り時間は5分を切りました。
Well, we have less than five minutes left now.